防爆电驱动无轨胶轮车永磁电动机回馈制动研究

Research of regenerative braking of permanent magnet motor used in explosion-proof electric driving trackless rubber-tyred vehicle

以防爆电驱动无轨胶轮车为研究对象,分析了由三相桥式逆变器驱动的永磁无刷直流牵引电动机回馈制动的方式及制动微观状态,提出了回馈制动控制策略。该控制策略采用PWM升压斩波方法,通过闭环PI调节器,合理分配每个PWM周期中的续流与充电时间,实现回馈制动。仿真结果表明,该控制策略安全可靠,能有效实现能量回收,提高了车辆的能量利用率;当车辆的驱动电动机转速降到约300r/min时,整车动能已经明显降低,此时能量回收已经不再起作用。该结论对防爆电驱动无轨胶轮车回馈制动踏板的开度设计具有重要意义。

Taking explosion-proof electric driving trackless rubber-tyred vehicle as study object regenerative braking method and braking microstate of permanent magnet brushless DC traction motor driven by three-phase bridge inverter was analyzed, and the regenerative braking control strategy was put forward. The control strategy adopts PWM chopper regulator method, and can distribute time of wheeling and charging of each PWM cycle through closed loop PI, so as to achieve regenerative braking. The simulation results show that the control strategy is safe and reliable, can effectively realize energy recovery, and improve the energy efficiency of vehicles. When the rotating speed of vehicle driving motor is reduced to about 300 r/min, the vehicle kinetic energy has been significantly reduced, and the energy recovery is noneffective. The conclusion has great significance to opening design of regenerative braking pedal of the explosion-proof electric driving trackless rubber-tyred vehicle.