山东极端强降水环境参数特征分析

Characteristic Analysis of Environmental Parameters of Extremely Heavy Precipitation in Shandong

利用常规天气资料、常规探空资料对山东地区2003-2012年共11次极端强降水过程的环境参数特征进行了分析,结果表明：500 h Pa以下含有丰富的水汽,地面、850 h Pa、700 h Pa和500 h Pa露点温度分别达到23、17、8和-7℃以上,温度露点差基本上在3℃以内;大气处于不稳定状态,K指数≥37℃,总指数TT≥41℃,抬升指数LI〈0℃;大气具有一定的能量积累,CAPE≥500 J/kg;0℃层高度都在5000 m以上;反射率因子高值区基本上处于6 km以下;低层有明显的西南急流。

The characteristics of environmental parameters of 11-time extremely heavy precipitation processes in Shandong from 2003 to 2012 were analyzed by using conventional weather data and routine sounding data.The results showed that：abundant water vapor existed below 500 hPa, the dew point temperature on the ground, 850 hPa, 700 hPa and 500 hPa reached over 23℃, 17℃, 8℃and -7℃respectively, and the difference value between temperature and dew point temperature was generally within 3 ℃. The atmosphere was in an unstable state, K-index was more than or equal to 37℃, total index TT was higher than or equal to 41℃, and lifting index LI was less than 0℃.The atmosphere accumulated a certain energy, and CAPE was more than or equal to 500 J/kg.The height of 0℃layer was above 5000 m.The high-reflectivity region was basically under 6 km.There was obvious southwest jet stream in lower layer.