摘要
目的了解2007-2013年重庆市水痘的流行病学特征。方法采用Excel软件对2007-2013年重庆市水痘疫情相关数据进行描述流行病学分析。结果 2007-2013年重庆市水痘报告发病率从8.59/10万上升到2013年的30.02/10万,发病人群以5~14岁人群为主,小学和托幼机构是水痘的易感人群,也是出现暴发疫情的高发单位;水痘疫苗接种率逐年上升,但仅限于小年龄儿童内推广1剂次水痘疫苗,5岁以上儿童接种率较低。结论小学和托幼机构是水痘防控工作的重点部门;小学、托幼机构为水痘主要发病人群,建议扩大重庆市水痘疫苗接种对象,鼓励1~14岁的儿童接种水痘疫苗,并进一步加强该人群的预防接种工作以控制水痘疫情的暴发流行;避免水痘突破病例的发生,有必要在提高儿童首剂疫苗接种率的同时,对14岁以下儿童开展第2剂疫苗加强的免疫策略。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of variceUa in Chongqing from 2007 -2013. Methods Epidemiological distribution of varice｜la cases and outbreak information in Chongqing from 2007 - 2013 were analyzed by using Excel software. Results Reported incidence of varicella of Chongqing increased from 85.9 per million in 2007 to 300. 2 per million in 2013. Children and adolescent aged 5 - 14 years consti- tuted the majority cases; children in kindergartens and elementary schools were more susceptible to varicella. Overall, the coverage of varicella vaccination was increased yearly, yet only limited within lower age group re- ceived one dose; while children aged 〉 5 years were less vaccinated. Conclusion In order to reduce varicella incidence and prevent outbreaks in elementary schools and kindergartens, it is important to implement varicella vaccination strategy. Coverage of varicella vaccine should be expanded in all children aged 1 - ld years. To a- void varicella breakthrough cases, it is necessary for children under 14 years to have one supplemented dose of varicella vaccination based on increasing first -dose varicella vaccination.
出处
《预防医学情报杂志》
CAS
2015年第5期339-342,共4页
Journal of Preventive Medicine Information
关键词
水痘
流行病
分析
varieella, epidemiological characteristic
varicella vaccine
