2011-2013年四川省双流县围产儿出生缺陷监测分析

Perinatal Birth Defects Monitoring in Shuangliu County,2011- 2013

目的了解四川省双流县围产儿出生缺陷类型与分布特征,分析其影响因素并提出干预措施。方法采用定量研究方法,对2011-2013年双流县8家出生缺陷监测单位上报的248例《医疗机构出生缺陷儿登记卡》中的信息进行描述性分析。结果 2011-2013年双流县共有围产儿28 332例,出生缺陷248例,出生缺陷发生率为8.75‰。出生缺陷顺位前5位为多指（趾）、小耳（包括无耳）、总唇裂（包括唇裂、腭裂、唇裂合并腭裂）、外耳其他畸形（小耳,无耳除外）和先天性心脏病。城镇的出生缺陷发生率（17.94‰）高于农村（7.11‰）差异有统计学意义（χ2=49.24,P〈0.01）。35岁以上年龄段的产母分娩的出生缺陷率（12.44‰）高于25~29年龄段（7.25‰）差异有统计学意义（χ2=5.15,P〈0.05）。结论2011-2013年双流县出生缺陷发生率较低,城镇高于农村,高龄产母的出生缺陷儿发生率较高,应采取提高生态环境质量、选择最佳生育年龄计划怀孕和加强孕期保健等措施。

Objective To investigate characteristics of perinatal birth defects in Shuangliu county and explore the influencing factors in order to propose the intervention measures. Methods Descriptive analysis was conducted to the 248 cases of ＂Birth Defects Registration Card＂ reported by 8 birth defects monitoring units in Shuangliu county from 2009 to 2011. Results A total of 28 332 perinatal infant were reported during the period and 248 of which were with birth defects, with an incidence rate of 8.75%o. The top 5 common birth defects were succes- sively polydactyly, microtia （including anotia）, total cleft lip （including cleft lip, cleft palate and cleft lip with cleft palate）, other external ear malformations （except for microtia and anotia） and congenital heart dis- ease. The birth defects incidence among urban area （17.94‰） was statistically higher than that of rural area （7. 11‰） （X2 =49.24, P 〈0. 05）. The incidence in women aged more than 35 years （12. 44%o） was sig- nificantly higher compared to that of women aged 25 -30 years （7.25‰） （X 2 = 5. 15, P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclu-sion The birth defects from 2009 to 2011 is incidence in Shuangliu county relatively low, yet showing an increasing trend. The birth defects incidence was higher in urban area than that of rural area, and higher in the group of women aged more than 35 years. Improving the ecological and environmental quality, selecting the opti- mal reproductive age and strengthening the prenatal care are recommended as effective countermeasures to against birth defects.