温湿度对桃小食心虫蛹与成虫的影响

Effects of temperature and humidity on the pupae and adults of peach fruit moth,Carposina sasakii

为探索温湿度对桃小食心虫（Carposina sasakii Matsumura）蛹与成虫的影响, 在室内温度为20、23、26和29（±1） ℃, 土壤含水量5%、8%、11%、14%、17%条件下和相对湿度50%、60%、70%、80%、90%（±5%）条件下分别测定了桃小食心虫蛹的历期和羽化率以及雌虫的受精率、产卵量和寿命。结果表明：桃小食心虫蛹的历期随温度的升高而缩短, 而羽化率则不受温度和土壤含水量的影响; 在温度20～29 ℃、土壤含水量5%～17%的范围内, 桃小食心虫蛹均能正常羽化; 中温高湿是成虫交配和产卵的适宜条件, 高温低湿不适宜成虫交尾; 高温条件下雌虫寿命显著缩短且低湿条件可加剧高温对成虫寿命的影响。

Abstract To explore the effects of temperature and humidity on the pupae and adults of peach fruit moth, Carposina sasakii Matsumura, we investigated the pupal duration and emergency rate of C. sasakii pupae in the la- boratory under the conditions of 20 ℃, 23℃, 26 ℃ and 29 （±1）℃ and soil moisture content of 5%, 8%, 11%, 14% and 17%. At the same temperature, we measured the fertilization rate, fecundity and longevity of adult fe- males of C. sasakii under the relative humidity of 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% and 90% （±5%）. The results showed that the pupal duration was shortened with increasing temperature, while the emergency rate of pupae differed in- significantly under various combinations of temperature and soil moisture conditions. In the range of 20--29 ℃ and 5%--17% of soil moisture content, C. sasakii pupae could emerge normally. Moderate temperature and high humidity were suitable for mating and oviposition of C. sasakii adults, but high temperature and low humidity were unsuitable for mating. The longevity of C. sasakii females was shortened significantly under high tempera- ture and low humidity intensified the effects of high temperature on the longevity of C. sasakii females.