人工驯养马来穿山甲的行为观察

Observation of the Behavior of Captive Pangolins

以非正常来源马来穿山甲为救护对象,通过2 a多的观察,记录了该种穿山甲在人工驯养条件下的行为以及温度改变对穿山甲行为的影响。发现马来穿山甲进食与喝水都是靠伸出细长的舌头舔食;一部分马来穿山甲排粪尿前有刨土行为,但少有扒土掩盖的现象;经过与人接触训练的马来穿山甲人抱着也能进食,但穿山甲没有像猫或狗与人沟通时眼睛对视、摇头摆尾等乞求、讨好的表情;具有有限防卫、攻击行为;穿山甲对睡觉窝穴的选择是选小窝不选大窝;夏季的高温对马来穿山甲的进食、生长影响不是很大;2只以上的群养在高温季节对穿山甲生长有影响;低温下睡觉聚堆;高温下出现多种睡姿。

Malayan pangolin （ Manis javanica）, an endangered species confiscated and seized dur- ing law enforcement, was reared and observed over two years in captivity. We recorded their be- haviors and the effects of ambient temperature. The animals used their long, thin tongue for feed- ing and drinking. Some of the pangolins dug earth before defecating, but few would cover their fe- ces with soil. Some well-trained individuals could feed when they were held by the trainers, but there was neither eye contact like cats and dogs, nor fawning and bowing. The pangolins had lim- ited attack and self-protection awareness, and they preferred small dens for sleeping. High tem- perature in summer had little impact on their feeding and growth; but group captivity（ ≥2 pangolins in a den）in summer might influence their growth. They slept in groups during periods of low tem- perature and displayed various sleeping postures under high temperature.