农村环境治理中的政府职能论析

Governmental Functionsin Rural Environmental Management

当前,我国农村环境治理效度不高,农村发展中的生态环境约束日益加剧。其与长期以来我国地方政府在农村环境治理中不同程度存在的职能缺位错位密切相关,主要体现在:环境治理体制条块分割,综合整治合力难成;压力型体制下政绩冲动持续存在,公共环境利益价值观严重销蚀;环境法治建设滞后,依法治理能力不足。解决这个问题,必须完善和转变政府职能,使之承担"元治理"的主体角色:进一步创新农村环境治理体制机制,构建多元互动参与治理新格局;健全基层政府环保政绩考核制度,统筹农村经济社会发展与环境治理;完善农村环境治理法律法规,推进依法治理新举措。

At present, there exists the problem of low efficiency in rural environmental management in China and rural development is increasingly curbed by environmental constraints. The underlying causes are closely related with the long-term and various levels of functional absence and mismatch in the management by local governments. The manifestations include： the barriers existing among different government departments make it hard for them to work together to achieve comprehensive improvement; against the pressure system, the lasting impulse to achieve in one＇s official career seriously erodes the public value on environmental benefits; the lagging legal construction for environmental management results in the governments＇ low capability to manage by laws. To tackle the problem, we contend that it is very necessary to perfect and transform the function of governments so that they can play the principle part in the management; to further innovate the system and mechanism of the management so that more relevant elements can be involved in the management; to perfect basic-level governments＇ assessment system for environmental protection achievement so that rural social and economic development can be planned together with environmental management; to perfect laws and regulations for the management so that novelmeasures can be implemented for the management.