艾烟与香烟对载脂蛋白E基因敲除小鼠学习记忆功能与海马β淀粉样蛋白沉淀的影响

Effects of moxa and cigarette smoke on behavioral changes and brain β amyloid deposition in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice

目的：观察艾烟与香烟对载脂蛋白E基因敲除（ apolipoprotein E-deficient,ApoE-/-）小鼠学习记忆能力与海马β淀粉样蛋白（β-Amyloid）沉淀的影响。方法将13只8周龄C57BL/6小鼠作为空白对照组,27只同龄ApoE-/-小鼠随机分为ApoE-/-模型组、艾烟组、香烟组。香烟与艾烟组小鼠分别暴露于5~15 mg/m3的香烟与艾烟环境。各组小鼠每天干预20分钟,每周6天,共干预12周。于第13周进行行为学测试,之后处死动物、取材,对其脑组织海马中Aβ沉淀进行刚果红染色。结果与模型组对比,空白对照组、艾烟组、香烟组小鼠均表现出学习潜伏期缩短,记忆潜伏期增长,记忆错误次数减少,差别有统计学意义（ P〈0．05）。模型组小鼠在视野范围内有明显的粉红色弥散样Aβ沉淀,空白对照组明显少于模型组（P〈0．05）。艾烟组与香烟组在相同海马区域CA3中淀粉样蛋白沉淀均有不同程度的减少,艾烟组中Aβ沉淀较模型组显著降低（P〈0．05）,较香烟组亦有减少（P〈0．05）。结论艾烟能够发挥ApoE-/-小鼠的海马CA3区保护作用,减少Aβ沉淀进而改善ApoE-/-小鼠学习记忆能力。

Objective To investigate the influence of moxa smoke and cigarette smoke on the apo-lipoprotein E-deficient （ ApoE-/-） male mice’ learning and memory ability andβamyloid deposition in brain hippocampus. Method 13 eight weeks old C57BL/6 mice were assigned to control group;27 eight weeks old ApoE-/- mice were randomly divided into 3 groups （ n=9/group）： model group, moxa smoke group, cigarette smoke group. Mice in the two smoke groups were exposed to smoke, which concentration is con-trolled within 5~15 mg/m3;mice in model group and control group were exposed to normal air. The step-down test was conducted in the 13th week. Level ofβamyloid deposition was determined by congo red stai-ning. Results Compared with the model group, mice in control group, moxa smoke group and cigarette smoke group showed decreased learning latency, increased memory latency and made less mistakes in the step-down test （P〈 0. 05）. Compared with the model group,βamyloid deposition of control group, moxa smoke group and cigarette smoke group was significantly decreased （ P〈 0. 05 ） . Conclusion Our find-ings suggest that moxa smoke may have effect on protecting nerve function and anti-aging by reducing the deposition of β amyloid in hippocampus.