《金匮要略》酸甘焦苦理论发挥

Study on the prescription of sour sweet and scorched bitter in the Synopsis of Golden Chamber

张仲景在《金匮要略》开篇提出了"夫肝之病,补用酸,助用焦苦,益用甘味之药调之"的酸甘焦苦论,运用五行生克乘侮理论为肝虚证提供了一种可行的用药配伍方法,本文列举了后世医家对此理论的不同注解以及现代临床运用与理论发挥,认为无论肝阴、肝阳虚者,都可以运用酸甘焦苦理论治之,而其用药配伍方法的应用范围又可扩大到五脏虚证的治疗,给临证处方提供新的辨治思路,也为生僻晦涩的五行学说注入活力。

Zhang Zhongjing stated in his book of“Synopsis of Golden Chamber”that when treating the Liver deficiency syndrome, it is better to use sour taste herbs to nourish liver, coke bitterness herbs to help it, and sweetness herbs benefit it.” By which means, he introduced a feasible method to treat the Liver deficiency syndrome based on the Five Elements Theory. Different explanations and clinical utilizations of this method by later practitioners were discussed in this paper. We consider it can be used on both deficiency of liver yin and yang syndrome and the range of application can be either expanded to treat the deficiency of the five internal organs,which offered a new direction of prescription method and invigorating the Five Elements theory.