中国足球超级职业联赛的竞争性平衡分析——基于相对积分率标准差法

Analysis on Competitive Balance of China Football Association Super League based on the Method of RSDPP

对国内外职业体育竞争性平衡的概念、测量方法进行综述、分析和整合,发现一些具体的衡量方法在实际运用中存在各种问题,如胜率标准差法只能运用于或胜或负的比赛中,无法运用于衡量像足球这样具有平局情况的赛事。从而提出相对比较优化的"相对积分率标准差法",以具体量化的方式衡量各赛季中超联赛各俱乐部之间的竞争性平衡程度。结果发现:(1)相对积分率标准差法在一些具有平局情况的赛事中能够科学量化其竞争性平衡程度;(2)中超联赛与英超联赛相比,自2004赛季以来各俱乐部(运动队)在竞技能力竞争性上一直处于高度不平衡状态。并从中超联赛的内外部各方面的因素进行分析,提出若干建议。

This paper uses the methods of literature material, mathematical statistics and logical analysis to review the elementary theory of competitive balance and integrate some measurements both at home and abroad. Then, it measures quantifiably the competitive balance of the CSL from 2004 to 2014 with the measuring method of the Relative Standard Deviation of Points Percentage （RSDPP） indicating that： 1. the RSDPP is suitable for meas- uring the competitive balance of such sport events which have draws as football games; 2. Compared with the EPL, clubs in the CSL have been highly unbalanced in their competitive ability since 2004. The paper thus suggests some corresponding measures based on the analysis of the concerning factors in CSL.