陂塘景观研究进展与评述

The Research Progress and Prospect of Bei Tang Landscape

快速城市化背景下,陂塘等小型半自然、人工水体正在大量消失。在综述国内外研究基础上,阐述了陂塘的相关定义、陂塘景观特征及其测度,指出陂塘景观是人们在农耕过程、土地开发过程中充分利用本地的水土资源,应对外部水环境的变化所形成的"水适应性景观"。陂塘景观具有雨洪滞蓄、旱涝调节、水质净化及生物多样性保护等重要的生态功能。在不同发展阶段下,陂塘景观应对的问题不同,景观特征有所差异,演变的总体趋势是从农业时代的水利乡土景观到工业化和城市化带来的破坏,再走向生态自觉下的多功能生态景观;变化趋势也说明了陂塘景观在上述多种生态功能方面的重要潜力。陂塘景观的保护与利用应当建立在对陂塘景观的综合评价的基础之上。最后,对将来可能的研究方向如陂塘景观的特征与功能、历史文化与社会价值、综合评价与应用研究等进行了展望。

Against the backdrop of rapid urbanization, small semi-natural and man-made water bodies such asBei Tang （ Pi Tang） have been disappearing in batches. Through a comprehensive review of previous domestic andinternational literature, this paper articulates the definition, landscape features and measurement for Bei Tang land-scape. Bei Tang is one type of resilient adaptive water human made landscapes created for the best use of local wa-ter and land resources. It plays an important ecological role, including storm water retention and storage, flood anddrought mitigation, water purification and biodiversity conservation. Bei Tang landscape and its function evolves insync with different phases of social development, and displayed varied features. Generally, it undergoes first atransformation from a vernacular landscape that emphasizes agricultural irrigation to an undermined form in industri-alization and urbanization era, and then towards a multi-functional ecological landscape. These changes also speaksof the significant potential that it harbors in the mentioned ecological functions above. The comprehensive evaluationof Bei Tang Landscape should be a prerequisite for its proper conservation and utilization. The article also discussesand proposes the future research topics for Bei Tang landscape, e.g. features and functions, historical, culturaland social value, as well as integrative assessment and applied research.