基于主体功能区约束的大气污染物总量控制目标分配研究

Control Target Assignment of Air Pollutant Emission Considering the Environmental Effects of Main Functional Regions

考虑经济发展水平、污染物排放现状、污染物治理水平、空气质量,特别是国家主体功能区环境目标约束等因素,构建大气污染物排放总量分配的指标体系,用改进的等比例分配方法对2015年国家SO2,NOx总量控制目标进行区域分配。分配结果表明:SO2和NOx削减量大的省份主要集中在华北平原及其周围地区,这些地区污染物排放量大、空气质量较差;削减比例较大的地区主要集中在西部地区以及北京、天津2个直辖市,这些地区单位GDP能耗高、工业污染物去除率低、空气质量差;削减量相对较小的地区主要集中在西南和南部一些省份;削减比例较小的地区主要集中在中南部和南部几个省份,这些地区污染物排放量相对较少,空气质量好于其他省份。

China＇ s air pollution is serious, the trend of the deterioration in air quality has not changed. Thereis a big contradiction between pollution emissions and the environmental capacity of pollutants. The pollution totalamount control is a basic fundamental system of environmental management in our country. In national TwelfthFive-Year Plan of environmental protection, NOx was set as one of the pollutions with the total amount control target.From the view of regional equity, this study builds the indicator system of total amount allocation for air pollution, consideringthe impacts of economic developments, status of pollutant discharge, air quality, and environmental objectives of the nationalprinciple function region planning. Allocates the national total amount control targets of SO2, NOx of the year 2015 to provin-cial units with the improved proportionate allocation method. The results show that the provinces of larger emission reductionare concentrated in the North China Plain and its surroundings. The emission of pollutants is huge and the air quality is worsein these areas. The provinces of larger ratio of pollution reduction are concentrated in western regions and Beijing and Tian-jin. In these areas the energy consumption of unit GDP is higher, or the industrial pollutant removal rate is low, or the airquality is worse. The provinces of lower pollutant reduction are in south and southwest regions. Provinces of lower ratio of pol-lutant reduction are in the south regions. Pollutant emission in these areas is less, and the air quality is relatively better.