破孔高度对油船水下破舱油品泄漏的影响

Effect of hole height on oil leakage from damaged underwater hold of tanker

采用模型试验方法,对不同破孔距离舱底高度条件下泄漏时间、泄漏速度与泄漏量等物理量进行比较分析,研究破舱油船同一舷侧相同大小、不同高度破损情况下的泄漏过程.实验结果显示:油品泄漏过程存在两个不同的阶段,油水压力差和密度差分别是这两个阶段内油品泄漏的主动力.其中,破孔距舱底高度是影响整个泄漏过程的重要因素,不仅决定了不同阶段泄漏的持续时间,而且对油品的泄漏量产生明显影响.通过不同破孔高度的系列模型试验及其不同阶段内泄漏特征分析,详细阐述破舱油船原油水下泄漏不同阶段的动力机理及其特征.

A series of model tests were carried out to study the process of oil leakage from the damaged oil tanker with the rupture on the side and underwater, which has the same size but different height. And some essential data were analyzed in different cases, such as the duration, the velocity and the vol- ume of leakage. Result shows that the overall process is com- posed of two different stages. The difference of pressure and density between the water and oil is the driven force in these two stages. While the effect of rupture hole height plays an important role in the overall process, not only the duration of different stage but also the volume of oil leakage from the oil tank, Finally, the dynamic mechanism and characters are illustrated by studying the effect of rupturehole height on the oil leakage process in different stages by using the model test.