437株铜绿假单胞菌的耐药性及相关因素研究

Study on drug resistance and related factors of 437 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

目的探讨铜绿假单胞菌(PA)的耐药性分布及相关因素。方法回顾性分析该院2013年1月—2014年10月分离培养出PA(n=437)对抗菌药物的耐药性及相关因素。结果 PA对头孢曲松和复方新诺明的耐药率分别为94.1%和90.6%;而对阿米卡星、美罗培南、左氧氟沙星和妥布霉素均敏感。在耐药菌株中,泛耐药PA和非泛耐药PA分别占8.0%(35/437)和92.0%(402/389)。泛耐药PA感染与性别因素,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而与年龄、营养不良、住院时间、机械通气、人工气道、结构性肺疾病、光谱抗生素的使用时间有关(P<0.05)。结论 PA存在严重耐药性,加强监测和控制泛耐药PA的相关因素至关重要。

Objective To discuss the resistance distribution and related factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa（PA）. Methods PA （n=437） isolated from our hospital in January 2013 to October 2014, and the drug resistance to antimicrobial agents and related fac-tors were retrospectively analyzed. Results Resistant rate of PA to ceftriaxone and cotrimoxazole rate was 94.1% and 90.6% re-spectively; and It was sensitive to Amikacin, meropenem, levofloxacin and tobramycin. In the resistant strains, pan resistant and non pan drug PA strains accounted for 8%（35/437） and 92% （402/389） respectively. No significant correlation was observed be-tween PA with pan resistant infection and sex drug （P〉0.05）. But it was related with the age, poor nutrition, hospitalization time, mechanical ventilation, artificial airway and structural lung disease, spectrum antibiotic use time （P〈0.05）. Conclusion PA has se-rious drug resistance related factors and it is important to strengthen the monitoring and control of the pan resistant PA.