不同药剂及其混配剂对油菜菌核病菌的毒力

Toxicity of Several Fungicides and Chemical Mixture Against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

采用菌丝生长速率法测定了8种药剂及其混配剂对油菜菌核病菌（Sclerotinia sclerotiorum）的室内毒力,旨在筛选有效防治核盘菌的药剂及其混配剂,为油菜菌核病的防治提供重要参考。结果表明,咪鲜胺锰盐对核盘菌的毒力最高,其EC50值为0.067 6μg/m L;丙环唑次之,EC50值为0.098 9μg/m L;菌核净、腐霉利、甲基硫菌灵、多菌灵、异菌脲EC50值在0.1-0.5μg/m L之间;百菌清的EC50值为0.706 1μg/m L。咪鲜胺锰盐和百菌清以配比2∶1时增效系数为2.179 5,咪鲜胺锰盐与甲基硫菌灵以配比1∶3时增效系数为2.952 7,咪鲜胺锰盐与菌核净以配比1∶1时增效系数为1.537 2。在防治油菜菌核病时,建议轮换使用咪鲜胺锰盐、丙环唑单剂及上述筛选出的混配剂。

To screen effective chemical agents and mixture against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and provide a valuable reference for preventing and controlling of rape sclerotium, the toxicity and the co-toxicity of eight fungicides to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were tested by myeelial growth rate. The results showed that prochloraz manganese had strongest toxicity with ECso of 0.067 6 μg/mL, propiconazole with EC50 of 0.098 9 μg/mL, while dimetachlone, procymidone, thiophanate-methyl, carbendazol and iprodione, with EC50 between 0.1 and 0.5 μg/mL. Inhibition of chlorothalonil EC50 was 0.706 1 μg/mL. The results of cotoxicity indicated that the mixtures with the mixing ratio of prochloraz manganese and chlorothalonil as 2：1,the synergistic coefficients was 2.179 5. The mixing ratio of proehloraz manganese and thiophanate-methyl as 1：3, the synergistic coefficients was 2.952 7. The mixing ratio of prochloraz manganese and dimethaehlon as 1：1, the synergistic coefficients was 1.537 2. In prevention and control of rape sclerotinia, the rotation use of prochloraz manganese, propieonazole and the above chemical mixtures were recommended.