青少年乐观的因素结构及特点分析

The Construction and Development of Adolescents' Optimism

探讨青少年乐观的因素结构,在文献回顾和现有量表的基础上编制青少年乐观量表并进行验证,然后分析青少年乐观的现状和特点。结果表明,青少年乐观量表包括乐观主义、悲观主义和自我效能乐观三个因子,青少年乐观量表具有较为理想的心理测量学指标。人口统计学变量分析发现,不同性别、年级、父母文化程度以及生源地的青少年乐观分数存在显著差异。

This study developed the Adolescent Optimism Scale through systematic literature review and existing scales, examined the construction and psychometrics of the scale. Explore factor analysis showed that the Adolescent Optimism Scale was a scale with three dimensions, including optimism, pessimism and self-efficacy optimism; the Adolescent Optimism Scale had a trustable reliability： the internal consistency of the whole scale and the subscales of optimism, pessimism and self-efficacy optimism were 0.88.0.89, 0.91 and 0.90, the split-half reliability is 0.84; Confirmatory factor analysis showed that this scale also had an ideal construct validity and criterion validity. The analysis of demography variables for the total score of the Adolescent Optimistic Scale found that there were significant differences among sex, grades, level of parental education, and birthplace.