国家中心城市的内涵与判别

Connotation and Discrimination of National Central Cities

国家中心城市是经济全球化的产物,在全球的经济和社会发展中发挥着不可替代的作用,然而关于国家中心城市的内涵与判别标准,目前尚无明确界定。鉴于此,文章在相关文献研究的基础上,系统论述了国家中心城市的基本概念和功能特征,明确了国家中心城市是指那些在全国城镇体系中具有核心控制作用,在全球城市网络体系中具有重要的功能节点作用的特大中心城市;确定了国家中心城市的判别标准,进而构建国家中心城市六元判别指数——经济集聚指数、空间辐射指数、对外开放指数、文化创新指数、管理服务指数和生态保护指数,据此判定了12个国家中心城市,排名依次为:北京、上海、广州、重庆、天津、深圳、武汉、南京、成都、杭州、沈阳和大连;最后,根据判别结果,综合分析各项判别指数的得分情况和12个国家中心城市的优劣势,并指出今后的建设重点,即要特别加强对所有国家中心城市的管理服务功能建设,整体提升空间辐射水平,保证文化创新水平在稳定中持续增长,进一步加快经济集聚功能、对外开放功能和生态保护功能的建设。

The national central cities are the products of economic globalization. They play an irreplaceable role in the global economy and social development. However, there is no clear definition about the connotation and discriminant standard of national central city. On the basis of related literature research, the paper introduced the concept and functional characteristics of national central city systematically, and made it clear that national central cities are those who have core control effect in nationwide urban system, and have important node functions in the global urban network system. And then, the paper established a six-elements discriminant index system of national central city--economic agglomeration index, space radiation index, opening to the outside index, cultural innovation index, management service index and ecological protection index, by which confirmed 12 national central cities in China： Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chongqing, Tianjin, Shenzhen, Wuhan, Nanjing, Chengdu, Hangzhou, Shenyang, and Dalian. Finally, according to the result, the paper comprehensively analyzed the discriminant index scores and the advantage and disadvantage of the 12 national central cities, and pointed out their construction emphasis in the future. Namely, to strengthen the management service function construction of national central cities, enhance the space radiation level overall, ensure sustained stable growth of the cultural innovation level, further speed up the construction of the economic agglomeration function, the opening to the outside world function and the ecological protection function.