马铃薯中γ-氨基丁酸富集技术研究

Study on γ-aminobutyric Acid Enrichment Technology in Potato

以马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum)为对象,研究厌氧环境、好氧环境、厌氧-有氧交替处理、发芽诱导、低温冷冻诱导等方法富集γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)。测定富集GABA在35℃样品的γ-氨基丁酸和谷氨酸含量,评价各种富集方法的效果。马铃薯厌氧-有氧交替富集的最优工艺为在35℃厌氧处理8 h,再好氧处理3 h,最后厌氧处理13 h,样品GABA含量增长到82.3±2.5 mg/100 g,是对照的将近2.6倍。发芽富集GABA含量是对照的1.3倍;冷冻富集GABA后微波加热解冻含量是对照的1.74倍。结果表明,马铃薯使用厌氧-好氧法富集GABA是合适的;发芽富集法不适合;低温冷冻法采用速冻才适宜,且要配合适宜解冻方案。

Using potatoes as material, a study of γ-aminobutyric acid enrichment technology was executed. The methods adopted in experiments were listed as below： anaerobic technique, aerobic technique, anaerobic-aerobic technique, germinated technique and freeze technique. The contents of GABA and Glu in potatoes were tested to evaluate the effect of enrichment methods. The results showed the best anaerobic-aerobic technique was： 8 hours of anaerobic treatment, then 3 hours of aerobic treatment, then 13 hours of anaerobic treatment again. Contents of GABA increased to 82.3±2.5 mg/100 g, 2.6 times of control. The germinated technique makes to increase of 1.3 times of control in GABA. The freeze technique makes to increase of 1.74 times of control in GABA. It is indicated anaerobic-aerobic technique was suitable for γ-aminobutyric acid enrichment in potatoes; germinated technique was inconformity; freeze technique was suitable only for the case of deepfreeze was used, meanwhile the appropriate thawing technique must be implemented.