371例鼠疫监测结果分析

Analysis of Monitoring Results of 371 Cases of Plague

目的 了解双柏县鼠形动物、媒介宿主种群及数量分布情况。方法 于2013年3—10月选择双柏县辖区妥甸镇片区,大麦地镇普龙片区作为监测点,采用夹笼法集中式捕获鼠类。计算鼠体蚤指数;病源学监测采用云南省流研所编制的《鼠疫细菌学》和《鼠疫及其防治》的要求进行操作,解剖鼠肝、脾压印培养;血清学采用云南省流研所推荐的＂鼠疫间接血疑抑制试验（IHA）＂检验F1抗体。结果 共捕获鼠形动物371只,捕获率为9.14%（371/4060）,属2目2科5种,其中褐家鼠占83.83%（311/371）,小家鼠占10.51%（39/371）黄胸鼠占4.04%（15/371）,斯氏家鼠占1.08%（4/371）,臭鼩鼱占0.54%（2/371）。共梳检鼠形动物371只,带蚤72只,染蚤率19.3%（72/371）。获蚤179匹,进行鉴别分类,其中缓慢细蚤34.08%（61/179）;不等单蚤25.14%（45/179）;棕形额蚤17.32%（31/179）;方叶栉眼蚤10.06%（18/179）;印鼠客蚤8.94%（16/179）;人蚤4.47%（8/179）;总蚤指数为0.48（179/371）,印鼠客蚤指数为0.04（16/371）。经鼠疫细菌学检验,鼠形动物肝、脾各培养371份,鼠体寄生蚤拉胃培养107组,均未检出鼠疫杆菌;共检测鼠形动物血清208份,结果均未检出鼠疫特异性F1抗体。结论 褐家鼠为双柏县鼠形动物优势种,未发现双柏县境内有动物鼠疫流行的信息,当仍需开展鼠疫监测。

Objective To investigate the Shuangbai County rat shape animal, media host population and distribution. Methods From 2013 March to October selection area Shuangbai County Tuo Dian Zhen town area, barley Pronk area as a monitoring point, using the clip cage method of centralized to capture rodents. Calculation of flea index; pathogenic surveillance adopted Yunnan province flow Institute compiled ＂bacteriology＂ and ＂plague and its control＂ requirement for operational, anatomy of rat liver, spleen imprint culture; plague indirect hemagglution inhibition serological test was adopted in Yunnan Province, flow institute recommended ＂（IHA）＂ test F1 antibody. Results A total of 371 rat shape animal capture, the capture rate was 9.14% （371/4060）, which belong to 2 orders, 2 families and 5 species of Rattus norvegicus, which accounted for 83.83% （311/371）, Mus musculus accounted for 10.51% （39/371） of Rattus flavipectus accounted for 4.04% （15/371）, Steinernema musculus accounted for 1.08% （4/371）, the musk shrew accounted for 0.54% （2 /371）. A total of 371 rat shape animal comb examination only, 72 with fleas, flea infected rate was 19.3% （72/371）. Won the 179 fleas, classification, including Leptopsylla segnis 34.08% （61/179）; MONOPSYLLUS anisus 25.14% （45/179）; frontopsylla spadix 17.32% （31/179）; party leaves comb （18/179）; 10.06% eyes of flea Xenopsylla cheopis 8.94% （16/179）; human flea 4.47% （8/179）; total flea index 0.48 （179/371）, Xenopsylla cheopis index was 0.04 （16/371）. The bacteriology test, rat shape animal liver, spleen 371 copies of each euhure, rat body parasitic fleas pulling the stomach training 107 groups, were not detected in Yersinia pestis; rat shape animal sera were examined 208 samples, the results were not detected plague specific FI antibody. Conclusion Rattus norvegieus was the dominant species of rat shape animal in Shuangbai County, Shuangbai county has not found the animal plague epidemic information, when still need to carry out the plague monitor.