吹挖泥沙与吹填造陆是天津市海岸带生态平衡的需要

Sand Digging and Land Reclamation—Requisite for Ecological Balance of Coastal Zone in Tianjin City

天津港在淤泥质海岸上建港,每年需吹挖6×107m3以上的泥沙才能保证航道通畅和港口安全。浚深航道吹挖泥沙和滩涂吹填造陆的结合,是天津市海岸带生态平衡和天津港自身建设的需要。笔者对吹填土的土体构型、理化性状进行了研究,并对地下排水工程的形式与优劣做了比较,提出在滩涂吹填区应采用地下排水的工程形式,而在地下排水工程中碴石盲沟(碴石作为滤水材料的填料暗沟)是首选。

Tianjin Port needs to dig 6×10^7 m^3 sand every year to guarantee smooth sailing course transportation and port safety since it is built based on mucky soil. The combination of sand digging at dredging eourses and land reclamation on beech is required by the ecological balance of coastal line in Tianjin City and safe construction of Tianjin port. This research studied the soil structure, chemical and physiological features of reclaimed soil, made a comparison of forms, advantages and disadvantages between underground dredging engineering, and proposed that underground drainage engineering form should be used, whereas blind ditch using ballast stone as water filter material is most preferred.