氧化石墨烯/海藻酸钙复合纤维的制备与性能研究

Study on Preparation and Characterization of Graphene Oxide/Calcium Alginate Composite Fiber

为了解决以纯海藻酸钠制备的海藻酸盐纤维力学性能差的问题,本文采用改进的霍姆斯法合成氧化石墨烯(graphene oxide,GO),利用透射电子显微镜和红外光谱对GO的形态结构进行表征分析。并以氯化钙为凝固浴,对含GO的海藻酸钠水溶液进行湿法纺丝,制备了GO/海藻酸钙复合纤维,并考察复合纤维的表面和内部形态、拉伸性能及阻燃性能。研究结果表明,复合纤维径向表面存在凹陷、断面质地均匀,GO的引入使海藻酸钙纤维的断裂强度和断裂伸长率明显提高。当氧化石墨烯的质量分数为1%时,断裂强度为海藻酸钙纤维的162%,断裂伸长率为海藻酸钙纤维的203%。另外与纯海藻酸钙纤维相比,复合纤维的阻燃性能得到进一步提高。同时也表明在海藻酸钙纤维中加入一定量的GO,海藻酸钙复合纤维的力学性能和阻燃性能得到很大的提升,使海藻酸钙纤维具有更加广泛的应用前景。

In this paper, graphene oxide was prepared by improved Hummers method, the morphology and structure of GO prepared was characterized and analyzed using transmission electron microscope and infra- red spectroscopy. In order to solve the poor mechanical properties of alginate fibers prepared in pure algi- nate, GO/calcium alginate composite fiber was prepared through wet-spinning of aqueous solution of sodi- um alginate with GO in the study, the as-prepared composite fiber investigated the surface and internal morphology, tensile performance and flame retardancy respectively. Experimental results showed that in- corporation of GO improved both the tensile strength and elongation at break of the composite fiber. In ad- dition, the flame retardancy of the composite fiber was further improved compared to calcium alginate fi- ber. The study shows that a certain amount of GO added into the calcium alginate fibers, alginate compos- ite fiber mechanical properties and flame resistance can be greatly improved, so that the fibers have a wider range of applications and better prospects.