论中医“胃”相当于解剖学的整个消化道

‘Stomach' in TCM equivalent to the whole alimentary canal in anatomy

笔者通过中医古文献"胃主受纳""胃主降浊""五脏以胃气为本",以及"脾主运化"、小肠"分清泌浊"等概念的原始含意的分析,认为中医"胃"的实质是整个消化道,其功能不仅包含了容纳、饮食物的作用(解剖学的胃的功能),还包含了对饮食物的分解消化为营养成份并吸收入的功能(解剖学的小肠的功能),以及降浊、排泄糟粕的功能(解剖学的大肠的功能)。中医"胃""脾""小肠"三者的司职分工协作如下:"胃"的功能是容纳、消化饮食物和吸收营养成份("水谷精微");"脾"的功能是,把"胃"消化和吸收后转输而来的水谷精微转化为机体可以直接利用的人体成分(气血津液);"小肠"的功能是,把"胃"通过"降浊"功能传导给小肠的食物残渣("糟粕")分为尿液("清")和粪便("浊")。

By the analysis of the original meaning of the concepts in ancient TCM literatures, that ＇stomach governs intake＇, ＇stomach governs descending of the turbid＇, ＇stomach qi is the root of five-zang＇, ＇spleen governs transportation and transformation＇, ＇small intestine separates the clear and turbid＇, etc, the author regarded that the ＇stomach＇ in TCM was equal to the whole alimentary canal in anatomy, and it not only could accommodate and temporary store ingesta （function of stomach in anatomy）, but also could decompose and digest ingesta and absorb nutrients （function of small intestine in anatomy）, and also could descend the turbid and excrete waste materials （function of large intestine）. The function of ＇stomach＇, ＇spleen＇ and ＇small intestine＇ in TCM is as follows： ＇stomach＇ is holding, digesting food and absorbing nutrition; ＇spleen＇ is transferring the nutrition from ＇stomach＇ into the body＇s composition （qi-blood-body fluid）, which the body can be directly used; ＇small intestine＇ is dividing the food residue from ＇stomach＇ into urine and feces.