回溯运气学说的争鸣与比较

Reviewing history of the theory of five elements motion and six kinds of natural factors

运气学说诞生至今聚讼纷纭。对历代史志、丛书、类书以及重要医家的著作进行分析和甄别。分析结果表明,运气学说萌芽于春秋战国时期,产生于秦汉时期,倡明于两晋隋唐时期,至宋金元时期达到鼎盛,迄明清时期终臻完善。随着运气学说的产生和发展,有些医家认为"七篇大论"非《素问》原文,有些医家质疑运气推演及钤法,有些医家提倡运气的知常达变,有些医家认为发病是多方面综合的结果。我国五方地理的多样性和五方气候的复杂性,以及两千年来我国气候的变迁和不可预见性导致运气预测结果偏离了实际发病情况,是运气学说争鸣的深刻内因。

The theory of five elements motion and six kinds of natural factors （TFESNF） has been debated since it had been emerged. The generations of historical records, authoritatively-edited books, collections and some important scholar＇s book were analyzed. The results showed that the theory had been initialed from the Chunqiu and Zhanguo dynasties, emerged in Qin and Han dynasties, spreaded among Jin to Sui and Tang dynasties, strong between Song and Yuan dynasties, established in Ming to Qing dynasties. With its generation and development, some scholars thought that it wasn＇t deprived from Plain Questions, some scholars questioned the forecasting result of the theory, some scholars had advocated the rule of knowing the specific changes by analyzing general ones when someone using the theory, and some scholars thought that there were many reasons for the occurrence of disease. During last 2 000 years, the complicated geographies, complex climatic characteristics and changed have led to the result that this theory＇s forecast was different from what it really was, which was the profound reason of the theory debates.