叶家山曾国墓地出土半环形铜钺及相关问题研究

On the Semicircular Bronze Yue-battle Axes Unearthed at the Yejiashan Cemetery of the Zeng State and Relevant Issues

叶家山曾国墓地是近年西周邦国考古的重大发现，为学界所瞩目。2011年发掘的M65是此墓地中规模较大者，从出土铜器的铭文可推知此墓是西周早期的一代曾侯（曾侯谏）之墓。此墓中出土有大量兵器，其中l件半环形钺M65：9，钺身两面随形铸对称虎纹，虎张口噬人，人颈为銎，虎身随钺身曲折，折勾的两足分布于钺内侧的上下边，细长尾向外勾卷。钺下端设两个銎环，上饰人字纹和斜线纹。长26．7、最宽处18、椭圆形銎内径1．8厘米（图一，1）。

This paper discussed the typology, decorative designs and nomenclature of the semicircular bronze yue-battle axes unearthed at the Yejiashan Cemetery of the Zeng State and pointed out that this kind of yue-battle axes might be evolved from the bronze knives with long blade and curling tip, and the motif on the yue was not dragon design but the tiger-biting-human design, which showed that this kind ofyue would be cast locally, and it could be named as semicircular yue-battle ax with animal head-shaped socket. The paleographic materials showed that at that time this kind of ＂weapon＂ was used as a battle ax.