斑秃患者生活质量评估及皮肤病生活质量指数的信度分析及因子分析

Assessment of quality of life in patients with alopecia areata and analysis of reliability and factor structure of the dermatology life quality index

目的：探讨斑秃（AA）对患者生活质量的影响,分析皮肤病生活质量指数（DLQI）在评估患者生活质量时的信度及因子结构。方法：采用DLQI量表评估AA患者的生活质量,并用信度分析及因子分析评估DLQI的信度及因子结构。结果：共调查了168例AA患者,DLQI得分为0-26分,平均为（6.82±5.85）分。DLQI评分与患者的病程、脱发面积、斑秃类型、拉发试验、甲改变及应激事件等6个因素有关。DLQI量表信度分析显示,整体量表的Cronbach系数α=0.876（〉0.7）,删除问题l,α达最大值0.886。因子分析显示,DLQI量表用于测评AA时,特征值〉1的因子有2个,累计贡献率达59.58%。结论：AA对患者的生活质量有中等程度的影响。DLQI可以用来评估AA患者的生活质量,且具有较好的信度和效度。

Objective： To evaluate the influence of alopecia areata（AA） on the quality of life in patients by dermatology life quality index（DLQL）, and to assess the reliability and factor structure of the DLQI. Methods： The DLQI（Chinese ver- sion） was used to evaluate the quality of life in patients with AA. The reliability and factor structure of the DLQI were evaluated by reliability analysis and factor analysis. Results： A total of 168 cases of AA were investigated, the DLQI value varied from 0 to 26 with an average of 6.82±5.85. The DLQI was correlated to the duration of the disease, area of hair loss, subtypes of alopecia, nail changes, hair pulling test and stress events（all P〈0.05）. Reliability analysis showed that the Cron- bach＇s a value was 0.876（〉0.7）, and reached the maximum value of 0.886 if the question 1 in the DLQI was deleted. Fac- tor analysis indicated that there were two dimensions with eigenvalues greater than 1.0, accounting for 59.58% of the vari- ances. Conclusion： AA has a moderate impact on the quality of life in the patients. DLQI can be applied to evaluate the influence on quality of life in AA patients with a high reliability and validity.