高原民族地区交通事故迎面撞击伤的临床分析

Clinical analysis of head-on impact injury in traffic accidents in plateau minority area

目的总结颌面交通事故迎面撞击伤的致伤原因、年龄、性别、民族、分布及治疗方法、结果和体会。方法筛选我院848例颌面外伤住院病例中因交通事故导致颌面部撞击创伤的病例，共217例进行临床分析。结果软组织伤口I期愈合，患者面部外形绝大多数满意，外形恢复，129例坚固内固定病例的咬合关系都恢复到术前咬合状态，咀嚼功能恢复。2例下颌牙齿缺失过多，咬合关系恢复不佳。所有病例经术后2-3个月功能训练开口度都达到3．5cm以上。结论颌面部撞击损伤在发病机制、临床表现及治疗方面均有其特殊性，在边疆省份的道路设计、交通管制、素质教育已将是预防颌面部撞击损伤的办法。。

Objective To summarize the causes of the maxillofacial head-on collision injury in traffic accidents as well as the age, gender, nationality, distribution, treatment methods, results and experience. Methods 217 cases of maxillofacial trauma caused by traffic accidents were selected out of 848 cases in our hospital and then clinical analysis was done to the 217 cases. Results The soft tissue incisions in patients healed with period I, and most patients were satisfied with the recovered facial contour. Occlusion of 129 rigid internal fixation cases was restored to preoperative state, so was the mastication function. The occlusion of 2 patients with mandib- ular teeth missing too much was not so well restored. After 2 - 3 months postoperative function training, opening degree of all cases reached more than 3.5 cm. Conclusions The maxillofacial head-on collision injury has its specificity in terms of its pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and the treatment. The road design in border provinces, traffic control, quality-oriented education will be maxil- lofacial impact injury prevention measures.