军队干部营养干预的效果评价

Effects of Nutrition Intervention in Army Officers

目的研究营养干预对某部干部营养KAP状况与身体健康状况的改善效果。方法随机选取356名干部作为干预对象。采用个性化营养干预方案对干部的营养知识、态度和行为进行干预,在干预一年后分别进行营养KAP调查、膳食调查和体格检查。结果营养干预一年后,干部的营养KAP得分为37.02±5.12,健康状况得分8.52±1.53,分别与干预前的33.19±5.06、8.29±1.60比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。膳食调查结果分析干预后干部脂肪摄入较干预前明显减少,钙摄入量明显增加(P<0.05)。疾病检出率比较,体检基本合格率从干预前的35.7%上升到42.9%,其中脂肪肝、高脂血症、超重、高血压疾病干预前后检出率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论营养干预可明显改善军队干部营养知识、态度、行为,有效抑制慢性病的发生发展,定期开展个性化营养干预对于促进干部的身体健康十分必要。

Objective To study the improvement of nutrition intervention on nutritional knowledge -attitude - practice （KAP） and health status of the army officers. Methods 356 army officers were randomly selected as the intervention object. The nutrition knowledge, attitudes and dietary behavior of the officers were intervened by de- signed individualized nutrition plan. Nutrition KAP survey, dietary survey and physical examination were performed after a year of intervention. Results Nutritional KAP score was 37.02 _＋ 5.12, physical examination score was 8.52 ＋ 1.53 after a year of nutrition intervention. Before the intervention, nutrition KAP score was 33.19 ＋5.06, physical examination score was 8.29 _＋ 1.60. The difference was statistically significant（P 〈0.05）. The intake of fat in army officers after intervention was significant less, the intake of calcium was significant increasing （P 〈 0.05 ）. Physical examination pass rate increased from 35.7% to 42.9% after intervention. There were significant differences in the preva- lence rate of fatty liver, hyperlipidemia, and overweight, and hypertension before and after intervention. Conclusion Nutritional intervention can improve the nutrition knowledge, attitude and behavior of the army officers, which may be useful for the treatment of chronic diseases. So it is necessary carry out individualized nutrition intervention regularly.