农村民居住宅环境的景观视觉质量评价研究——以浙江省为例

Assessment of landscape visual quality for rural residential environment: Zhejiang Province as a case

农村民居住宅环境提升是农村建设的基本要求和重要目标,农村景观视觉质量评价是农村景观规划开发的科学基础和依据。本研究以浙江省10个地级市下辖部分农村为研究对象,综合"基于公众感知"和"基于专业/设计"的评价方法,运用照片评价法,选取24张代表性照片进行3个层级的景观视觉质量评价,对数据进行相关分析和回归分析,探究综合景观视觉偏好与5个景观评价纬度及15个景观要素指标之间的关系。结果表明,综合景观视觉质量与"有序性""清洁性""生态性""特色性""多样性"都呈显著相关关系,且是共同作用的结果。"建筑色彩""有利人工景观"对农村民居住宅环境的视觉质量有着显著而积极的影响。最后,根据本研究成果,从保护整体风貌、生态环境保护和挖掘地方特色等方面提出相关建议。

Rural residential environment is important for rural development. Rural landscape visual quality assessment is the scientific basis for rural planning. In the present study, the visual quality of rural residential landscape in Zhejiang Province was evaluated through both public perception-based and expert/design approaches. With photographs evaluation methods, 24 representative photos from over 2 000 photos were selected and used in the survey to rank rural residential landscape. Meanwhile, the relationship between visual preference and 5 latitudes and 15 landscape elements was explored via correlation and regression analysis. It was shown that the rural residential landscape assessment had a significant correlation with ＂order＂, ＂cleanliness＂, ＂ecology＂, ＂specialty＂ and ＂diversity＂. Statistical analysis also showed that ＂building color＂ and ＂positive man-made elements＂ had a significant positive impact. According to these findings, suggestions were proposed from aspects of overall view protection, ecological protection and local specialties development.