山羊卵母细胞体外成熟体系研究进展

Research Progrees on Goat Oocytes in Vitro Maturation

卵母细胞体外成熟(IVM)是山羊胚胎体外生产的关键步骤,其对山羊体外生产胚胎的数量和质量均具有非常重要的意义。此外,IVM还可以满足胚胎工程技术如体细胞核移植、转基因动物生产对卵母细胞的大量需求。然而,由于山羊卵母细胞体外成熟研究起步较晚,与牛、猪等家畜相比仍然存在不小的差距,存在诸如体外成熟率低、胚胎质量不佳、培养体系可重复性低等问题。因此,分析山羊卵母细胞体外成熟的主要影响因素,提高山羊卵母细胞体外成熟率,建立山羊卵母细胞体外成熟稳定培养体系,就成为了近年来山羊胚胎体外生产的研究重点。论文综合国内外学者近年的相关研究,对可能影响山羊卵母细胞体外成熟效率的各种因素进行了综述分析,同时对山羊卵母细胞体外成熟现存问题进行了分析,以期为建立山羊卵母细胞体外成熟体系提供理论支持。

As a key step in the goat embryo production in vitro,oocyte in vitro maturation（IVM）is vital in determing the quality of goat embryo in vitro and can be applied in the embryo engineering technology like somatic cell nuclear transplantation and transgenic animal production.The priliminary goat IVM research and its gap from similar research on swine,bovine and so on were reflected in problems including the low maturation rate in vitro,the poor quality of embryo,the low repeatability of culture system,which made goat embryo production in vitro main factors influencing goat oocyte maturation in vitro,the maturation rate of goat oocytes in vitro and the stable culture systemestablishment in recent years.This article reviewed various factors affecting the maturation efficiency of goat oocytes in vitro,synthesized the related research at home and abroad for the past few years,and tried to deliberate on problems of goat oocyte maturation in vitro,so as to provide theoretical guidance to establish the stable culture system.