从个人善到城邦善——论公民善德作为理想城邦的实现基础

From the Individual Good to the Good of Polis:the Virtue of Citizens as Basis of Ideal Polis

亚里士多德认为城邦的善高于个人的善。但它们并不是对立的不可融合的,个人的善在推动城邦发展上具有重大的意义。公民没有善德,城邦也就不能成为善邦;要使公民具有德行,就必须对公民进行教育,只有公民都成为"善"的公民(即有德行的公民),城邦才能成为优良的城邦,才能达到在政治上的至善。

In Aristotle’s theory ,the good of polis is important than the individual good ,but they are not opponent because the individual good can promote the development of polis .A polis can’t be a good polis without the good of individual ;in order that citizens possess virtue ,the enlightenment is necessary .Only in the case that all citizens possess virtue ,can the polis be ex-cellent ,and the politics achieve the highest good .