论汉语词义对词典单音多义词义项排序的影响

Effect of Chinese Word’s Meaning to Monosyllabic Polysemy Senses’Sequence in the Dictionary

多义词的发展是一个渐进的过程,其中伴随着词义的滋生、分化和衍变。通过对词义的客观表现及其发展规律的整理和探究,可以比较清晰地看出多义词各义位在其词义系统中的位序。然而词义的某些特殊性质、词义系统的二维结构特征、字词关系的复杂性等与词典一义一项、一维排列、以字形字音统率释义等特点之间的矛盾,导致不同词典对同一多义词义项排序表现出差异,从而影响了人们对词义客观面貌的认识。

Development of polysemy is a gradual process, with breeding, differentiation and evolution of the meaning. To arrange and study the word’s meaning and law of development,can more clearly see the sequence of sememes in the semantic system. However, some special properties of the meaning of a word, two-dimensional structure of the semantic system, the complexity of the relationship between character and word, are contradictory with the dictionary’s characteristics on one meaning one sense, one-dimensional seqence, and according to character’s shape and pronunciation to sort. These result in the differences which the different dictionaries rank the same polysemy senses, which affects to understand the objective aspect of the meaning of polysemy.