文献考证法和历史比较法——方言韵书研究的“锋利武器”

Historical Documents Textual Criticism Method and Historical Comparative Approach are＂Edged Weapons＂of Research on Dialect Rhyme Dictionary

《六音字典》成书于1515年,是鲜为学界所知而新发现的闽北方言韵书,也可以说是迄今为止所发现的最早的福建方言韵书,反映了数百年前福建闽北政和方言音系。马重奇先生的《明清闽北方言韵书手抄本音系研究》通过通语史与方言史互相结合,传世文献与鲜活方言互相印证,为学界展示了最为可信的文献考证研究法,同时采用历史比较法,真正实现共时（横向）研究和历时（纵向）研究的互补。可以说,文献考证法和历史比较法是方言韵书研究的＂锋利武器＂。

“Six-ToneDictionary”（《六音字典》）was finished in 1515, which is the newly-discovered rhyme dictionary about North Min dialects rarely known by people. So far,it can also be said to be the oldest Fujian dialect rhyme dictionary to this day. It reflects the＆amp;nbsp;phonological systems of the Zhenghe dialect in North Min hundreds of years ago. On“The Phonological Systems of Ming and Qing Dynasty Manuscript of Rhyme Dictionary in North Min”（《明清闽北方言韵书手抄本音系研究》）written by Mr. Ma Chong-qi shows the most believable methods for academic study：language and dialect history compromising each other,historical texts and lively dialect confirming each other. At the same time he adopts historical-comparative method mainly, which leads to the actual realization of complementing synchronic （horizontal） research and diachronic （longitudinal） studies to each other. It can be seen that historical documents textual criticism method and historical comparative approach are＂edged weapons＂of research on dialect rhyme dictionary.