选矿尾砂在水流中的运动规律试验研究

Experimental Study on Regularity of Tailings Transport in Water Flow

选矿过程会产生大量尾砂,尾砂大部分堆放在尾矿库,而堆放在尾矿库的尾砂可能随降雨进入河道,对河流产生影响。通过在长宽高分别是23,1,0.6 m的水槽中开展试验,研究流速为0.05-0.3 m/s、投砂速率为20-315 g/min条件下的选矿尾砂在水流中的运动规律,分析尾砂扩散、淤积形态和淤积量分布、含沙量沿程分布规律。试验结果表明,尾砂进入水槽后,存在明显扩散;尾砂淤积总量占投砂总量的比例随流速增大而减小,当流速从0.05 m/s增加至0.3 m/s时,淤积比例从75%以上降至不足25%;投砂主要影响区域内含沙量沿程呈减小趋势,含沙量分布与指数公式拟合的较好,相关系数R2值约为0.9。

A large number of tailings produced in the beneficiation process are stored into tailings pond,but these tailings may transport with rainfall into the river. We researched the regularity of tailings transport in water flow through flume（ length 23 m,width 1m,and height 0. 6m） experiment with flow rate of 0. 05-0. 3 m / s and tailings incoming rate of 20-315 g / min. The regularities of tailings diffusion,deposition pattern and amount,distribution of sediment concentration along the channel are analysed. Results suggest that the tailings diffused obviously after flowing into the flume. The longitudinal diffusion rate increased and the transverse diffusion rate decreased with water velocity increasing. The proportion of total deposition decreased with the increase of flow velocity,from 75% to less than 25% when flow velocity increased from 0. 05 m / s to 0. 3 m / s. The distribution of sediment concentration along the channel decreased and fitted with index formula well with the correlation coefficient R^2 about 0. 9.