公路隧道出口“白洞”效应改善方法研究

Highway Tunnel Improvement Method of the " White Hole" Effect

针对隧道出口亮度过渡不合理的环境现状，提出基于防眩原理的渐变图层设计方案，利用照明计算软件DIALUX对改善前后隧道出口段进行模拟实验，验证驾驶员瞳孔亮度过渡改善前后的变化趋势和变化规律，利用隧道微缩模型对改善前后方案进行视频拍摄，用matlab编程检测隧道眩光面积和眩光高度。结果显示，改善方案的驾驶员瞳孔亮度比改善前的瞳孔亮度过渡更加缓和合理，眩光面积减少20％～30％，且眩光高度抬高20％～40％，视觉负荷系数降低了30％～40％，从而可以提升隧道视觉舒适性，降低驾驶员错误操作几率。

The design scheme use computer software of lighting‐DIALUX to take simulation experi‐ment aimed at improving the transition of the brightness inside and outside the tunnel ,and it can veri‐fy the effect of the improvement toward the change trend and regular pattern of the pupil luminance of the drivers at the tunnel .Tunnel miniature is used to shooting different projects ,which is using mat‐lab to detect glare area and height .The results show that the transition of the driver＆#39;s pupil luminance becomes more moderate and reasonable in the design scheme ,the area of glare decline 20% ～30% ,and the height of glare incline 20% ～40% ,visual load factor decline30% ～40% ,which in this way ,visual comfort in the tunnel can be improved ,the rate of error operating decreased .