上海自贸区外商投资“负面清单”的挑战与应对

The Challenge of and Response to the “Negative List”of Foreign Investment in Shanghai Free Trade Area

上海自贸区外商投资"负面清单"管理模式的提出,有利于我国外商投资规则逐步与国际通行规则接轨,也将开启我国改革开放新的篇章。本文从宏观监管措施和产业开放两个层面,分析了"负面清单"面临的主要挑战和应对措施。初步结论为:宏观监管层面,政府应该逐步让位于市场,减少政府的审批事项,加快落实从事前监管向事中、事后监管的转变;另外,消除隐形壁垒,自贸区内给予外商企业真正的"准入前国民待遇"。产业开放层面,上海自贸区的产业开放应以金融业的开放先试先行;其次,联合天津和广东等新批准设立的自贸区,在各自成熟且有优势的行业破冰改革,为我国下一步的改革开放提供更为完备的可复制、可推广的经验。

The management model for the “negative list”of foreign investment in Shanghai FTA is favorable for our country to integrate the foreign investment rules in China with the international rules step by step.It will also open a new chapter in reform and opening up in China.From two levels：the macro regulatory measures and industry open,the present paper analyzes the major challenges and responses that the “negative list”face to. The preliminary conclusions are：on the macro regulatory level,the government should gradually give way to the market,reduce the approval by the government to accelerate the implementation of the project and the transiting of the regulatory before the implementation of the project to the regulatory of the implementation and the post-implementation of it.In addition,it is necessary to eliminate the invisible barriers and offer the foreign compa-nies within FTA real “access before national treatment”.On the open industry level,it is practical to unite the newly approved FTA in Tianjin and Guangdong to carry out ice-breaking reform in the advantageous trades with maturity to provide more complete,reproducible and replicable experience for further reform and opening in China.