财政支出结构对城乡居民收入差距影响的效应分析——基于包含虚拟变量的省级面板数据的实证分析

Effects of Public Spending Composition on Urban-Rural Income Gap——An Empirical Study Based on the Virtual Variables from Provincial Panel Data in China

通过对我国2002-2013年省级面板数据模型分析,研究了财政支出结构对城乡居民收入差距的影响效应。模型显示:不同项目的财政支出对城乡收入差距有不同的影响,其中农林水务支出和交通运输支出能够缩小城乡居民收入差距,而医疗卫生支出、科学技术支出和公共安全支出更加倾向于城市区域,不利于城乡间收入差距状况的改善。2006年全面取消农业税的政策对城乡收入差距缩小没有显著正影响,这一影响直到2010年其他各项惠农政策的逐步实施才得以显现。因此,要缩小城乡收入差距,必须扭转政府在财政支出方面城市偏向政策,进一步加大对农村地区的农林水务支出和交通运输支出,实现基本公共服务的提供在城乡间大致均等化,促进城乡间协调发展。

This paper,by using Chinaˊs provincial panel data model analysis from the years of 2002 to 2013,studies the impact of the composition of public spending on urban-rural income gap. The model displays different effects. The agricultural water expenses and the transportation spending can narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas. Yet,the expenditure of science and technology, health and public safety,more towards the urban areas,is not conducive to the improvement of the urban-rural income gap. The abo-lition of agricultural tax in 2006 did not have any significant positive effect until the other agriculture-supporting policies were imple-mented in 2010. Therefore,in order to narrow the urban-rural income gap,the urban-oriented biased policies should be reversed and the spending on the agriculture water and transportation should be increased in rural areas to realize the equalization of the urban-rural supply of public service and the coordinated urban-rural development.