安徽省老年人潜在不适当用药的风险调查及相关因素分析

The investigation and analysis on related factors of the risk of potentially inappropriate medication in the elderly

目的了解老年人潜在不适当用药(PIM)带来的健康风险,为有效实施老年人用药安全的风险管理与保护老年人的健康权益提供依据。方法采用分级抽样方法选择了安徽省8个代表性的城乡社区,用基于Beers准则设计的问卷进行实地调查。调查获得的数据用Epidata和SPSS软件进行分析。结果抽样地区的老年人群总体不适当使用药物种类较多,频率较高,排在前10名的药物不适当使用频率均高于30%。城乡地区老年人在治疗感冒、抗细菌性感染、防治高血压与冠心病等药物的不适当使用频率的差异在统计学上有意义(P<0.05),其中农村社区老年人群在治疗感冒药物方面的不适当使用频率比城市社区低,而其他药物的不适当使用频率明显比城市社区高。在同一社区,受教育程度与家庭收入较高的老年人用药安全风险意识往往强些,其PIM流行率也明显低于受教育程度与家庭收入较低的老年人。结论安徽省部分地区老年人不适当的用药情况较为普遍,老年人用药安全风险意识较低。

Objective To investigate the health risk of potentially inappropriate medication （PIM）for the elderly and effectively implement drug safety risk management,and provide research foundation for better protection of the health rights of the elderly.Methods The representative eight urban and rural communities in Anhui province were investigated and analyzed based on the Beers criteria.Survey data were analyzed using SPSS and Epidata soft-wares to understand the differences of elderly PIM prevalence on the distribution and influencing factors.Results The inappropriately used drugs by general elderly population had scores of types and high frequency of inappropriately using,among which the inappropriately used frequencies of top 10 drugs were more than 30%.There were statistically significant differences on the inappropriately using frequencies of drugs for cold,bacterial infection,hypertension and coronary heart disease in the elderly between rural and urban areas （P 〈0.05）,in which the inappropriately using frequency of anti-cold medicines by the elderly in the rural community was lower than that in urban communities,but the inappropriately using of other drugs had significantly higher frequencies than in urban communities.Whilst,PIM prevalence of the elderly with strong awareness of security risk,well-educated and high household income was signifi-cantly lower than that of less-educated and low income elderly in the same community.Conclusion The risk for po-tentially inappropriately using of drug is common for the elderly in some areas of Anhui province.