社区老年居民健康体检的影响因素调查及对策探讨

Discussion on the associated factors and countermeasure of health examinations among urban community elderly residents

目的调查分析影响社区老年居民健康体检的因素,并提出相应对策。方法采用整群抽样的方法,使用调查问卷对兰州市3个街道社区年龄大于50岁的老年居民进行调查,共发问卷524份,回收合格问卷488份(93.1%)。对收回问卷进行整理,根据过去1年是否进行体检,分为体检组231人(47.34%)与未体检组257人(52.66%),对两组人群人口学因素、社会学因素、经济因素进行统计学分析。结果 488名被调查的居民中,体检组居民与未体检组居民平均年龄、性别构成比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。对影响参与体检因素进行多因素Logistic回归分析发现,年龄与性别是影响居民参加体检的重要因素,年龄大的人更愿意参加体检,OR为1.072,95%CI为[1.060,1.084];女性较男性更愿意参加体检,OR为1.913,95%CI为[1.641,2.185]。结论性别、年龄、月收入是影响社区老年居民参加健康体检的主要因素,应采取加大健康知识宣传等方法来增加社区老年居民健康体检的参与度。

Objective To explore the associated factors of health examinations among urban community elderly residents, provide references countermeasure. Methods Community elderly residents with age of 50 and above in 3 street communities of Lanzhou were selected by cluster sampling method. The elderly were surveyed questionnaire, and 524 questionnaires were done ,488 questionnaires （93.1%） were available. 488 residents were divided into examination group （231 people ,47.34% ） and non-examination group （257 people, 52.66% ） according to have health examination or not. The demography factors, social factors, economic factors of the two groups were analysed. Results The difference of gender, age in the two groups was statistically significant（ P 〈 0.01 ）. Multi-factor Logistic regression analysis showed that factors associated with the health examinations of elderly residents included gender, age, the proportion of health examinations was relatively high among the residents characterized by older （OR=1.072,95%CI was 1.060-1.084]）, female（OR =1.913, 95% CI was1.641 -2. 185）. Conclusions Factors associated with the health examinations of elderly residents including gender, age, income level, countermeasure including health education and such should be implemented pertinently.