北方地区出土西晋瓷器初探

Probe into The Western Jin Porcelains Unearthed in North China

截止2013年底,正式公布的北方地区出土西晋瓷器中,基本完整的器物超过140件,涉及的遗存地超过50处,其中多数为墓葬出土,地域上以河南、山东、河北最为集中。通过和同时期南方产品比对,作者认为大多数瓷器来自长江下游和中游窑场,通过水路运抵北方,南瓷北运的主要市场是首都洛阳和水路沿线的城邑,另外有少量瓷器窑口不明。北方出土的西晋瓷器有20余种类型,几乎都属于日常实用器具,而不见明器,说明北方西晋墓是否随葬瓷器具有一定随机性,它并不是随葬品中的必备内容,对葬俗的影响不大。瓷器是当时北方社会的高档物品,但不是指示丧葬等级的标志物。

It is reported officially that over 140 pieces out of the large number of the Western Jin porcelains that remain fully well have been unearthed from more than 50 ruin sites in north China mainly distributing in the provinces of Henan, Shandong and Hebei by the end of 2013. Compared with the porcelains of the same age made in the southern areas, the majority of these wares except the few unidentified ones are judged to be shipped up to the capital city of Luoyang and other towns along the rivers from the kilns down the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. There is an indication from these northern unearthed objects that are in general composed of daily utensils rather than burial objects that porcelains were not the necessities in the burial tradition of the Western Jin dynasty although they were usually found in the tombs. The porcelain was regarded among the luxuries in the northern society, but not the symbol of the tomb status at that time.