锥杆通路对人视网膜电图振荡电位时频域贡献的分析

Contributions of human rods and cones pathway to different components of oscillatory potentials in time and frequency domain

目的探讨视锥通路和视杆通路对人视网膜电图振荡电位时频域不同成分的贡献。方法病例对照研究。20例受试者被分为两组，每组10例，即正常组和视锥通路异常组。所有受试者均依据ISCEV标准行双眼明暗适应3．0ERG检查。导出数据后运用Matlab7．0提取其振荡电位成分，傅里叶变换得到幅频图，拟合其频谱图后对组内数据比较采用配对t检验，对组间数据比较采用独立样本t检验。结果正常组视网膜电图检查结果中暗适应3．0振荡电位不同子波成分的幅值分别为（48．63±4．29）、（158．00±32．75）、（69．27±30．31）、（38．5±15．28）μV；视锥通路异常组分别为（4．12±3．20）、（71．25±25．43）、（48．96±20．05）、（36．84±14．26）μV。相对于正常组，视锥通路异常组前两个成分（OSl和OS2）幅值明显降低（t=16．68，5．77；P〈0．01）；两组明暗适应振荡电位频域均包含两个成分（主、次频成分），相对于正常组，视锥通路异常组的明暗适应振荡电位主幅值均明显降低（t=2．72，P〈0．05；Z=2．24，P〈0．05）；而对于次幅值，在明适应振荡电位中，视锥通路异常组明显低于正常组（t=4．20，P〈0．005）。结论锥杆通路对明暗振荡电位均有贡献，视锥通路主要贡献时域内较早、频域内较高成分，视杆通路主要贡献时域内较晚、频域内较低的成分。

Objective To investigate the contributions of human rods and cones pathway to different components of oscillatory potentials （OP） in time and frequency domain. Methods Case-control study. Twenty subjects were divided into two groups, normal groups （NG） and cones pathway abnormal groups （CAG）. All eyes were investigated by dark-adapted （DA） and light-adapted （LA） 3.0 ERG recommended by ISCEV. Data were output into the computer and processed and analyzed by the software MatlabT.0. First, to extract the OP by filter, then to get the frequency-amplitude relationship by FFT, after that the relationship was fitted by equations and lastly we statistic and analyze the parameters gotten from the equations. Results Compared with normal group[（48.63 ± 4.29）, （ 158.00 ± 32.75）, （69.27 ± 30.31）, （38.5 ± 15.28）μV], the amplitudes of the first two components of dark-adapted OP in the CAG[（4.12 ±3.20）, （71.25 ± 25.43）, （48.96 ± 20.05）, （36.84 ±14.26） μV] were significant decreased（t=16.68,5.77,P〈0.01）. Frequency domain of LA and DA OP in the two groups was comprised with two components （harmonic and subharmonic ）.Compared with normal group, harmonic components of CAG were dramatic decreased （t=2.72, P〈0.05; Z=-2.24, P〈O.05）. The value of subharmonic component in CAG was lowest in DA OP compared with NG （t=4.20,P〈O.O05）. Conclusions Cones and rods pathway all contributed to the DA and LA OP Cones pathway mainly contributes to the earlier and faster components of OP while the rods pathway to the later and slower components.