季铵盐双子表面活性剂的合成研究进展

Progress on synthesis of quaternary ammonium salt Gemini surfactants

简要介绍了季铵盐双子(Gemini)表面活性剂的结构、性能和应用;重点综述了直链型、羟基型、酯基型、含复杂基团型、醚基型和含氟型等几类季铵盐Gemini表面活性剂的合成方法;简单总结了季铵盐Gemini表面活性剂合成方法的优缺点;阐述了各类季铵盐Gemini表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度(cmc)和相应的表面张力(γcmc)等性质及其在杀菌、金属腐蚀防护等领域的应用;展望了季铵盐Gemini表面活性剂的发展趋势。

Structure, properties and applications of the quaternary ammonium salt Gemini surfactants were briefed. Synthesis methods for the linear chain type, hydroxyl type, ester radical type, complex group type, ether radical type and the fluorinated type of the quaternary ammonium salt Gemini surfactants were emphatically described with their advantages and disadvantages briefly summarized. Performance and properties of various types of quaternary ammonium salt Gemini surfaetant such as critical micelle concentration （cmc） and surface tension at the cmc （γcmc ） as well as their applications in sterilization and metal corrosion prevention et al. were presented. Trends of future development of the quaternary ammonium salt Gemini surfactants were prospected.