地方人大专委会制度及其完善——基于31个省级人大的实证分析

The Local People's Congress Committee System and Its Perfection——Based on the Analysis of 31 Provincial People's Congress

地方人大制度在地方治理体系中居于主导地位,是支撑地方治理体系和治理能力现代化的主要政治制度之一。地方人大专门委员会作为地方人大工作机制的重要组成部分,其设立主要源于地方人大及其常委会自身履行职权的需要,有助于发挥地方人大所担负的治理功能。因此,健全地方人大专门委员会制度,完善地方人大工作机制,是推进地方治理体系建设和提升地方治理能力的基本要求。但是,从实际情况来看,地方人大尤其是省级人大的专委会制度还存在法律不严密、数量不统一、称谓不规范、规模不一致等问题,因而亟须加强地方人大工作机制——即专委会制度建设,充分保障地方人大治理功能的有效发挥。

The local People＇s Congress System occupies a dominant position in the local govern- ance system and is one of the major supportive political systems of the local governance and mod- ernization of governance. To improve the special committees system of the local People＇s Congress and perfect the work mechanism of the local People＇s Congress, is the basic requirement of pro- moting the local governance system construction and upgrading the local governance capacity. But the actual situation shows the local People＇s Congresses, especially Provincial People＇s Congress special committee system still have the problems such as the imprecision of laws, disunity of numbers and inconsistent scales. We need to strengthen the construction of the system of the spe- cial committee to fully protect the governance function of local People＇s Congress.