400例小儿汗病多中心中医证候特征分析

Characteristic Analysis on Polycentric TCM Syndromes in 400 Cases of Children Abnormal Sweating

目的分析小儿汗病中医证候特点,探讨疾病与主次症的关联性。方法采用多中心流行病学调查方式,对400例小儿汗病的5个辨证分型进行统计分析,探讨汗病的中医证候特点。结果 400例患儿中,肺卫不固型129例(32.25%)、营卫不和型50例(12.50%)、气阴两虚型84例(21.00%)、湿热迫蒸型57例(14.25%)、气阳不足型80例(20.00%)。肺卫不固型、营卫不和型、湿热迫蒸型、气阳不足型主症均见自汗、盗汗,气阴两虚型患儿主症以盗汗为主。各型次症在传统辨证与聚类分析上基本一致。结论汗病自汗、盗汗各有阴阳之证,亦可有阳虚盗汗、阴虚自汗。小儿汗病中医分型具有各自的证候特点,为临床诊治提供了依据。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of TCM syndromes of children abnormal sweating;To investigate the correlation between diseases and primary and secondary syndromes. Methods Through a multi-center epidemiology investigation, 400 cases were collected to statistically analyze the five TCM syndromes of children abnormal sweating, and characteristics of each syndrome were analyzed. Results In the 400 cases of children abnormal sweating, there were 129 cases （32.25%） of dysfunction of lung-wei pattern, 50 cases （12.50%） of nutrient qi and defensive qi discordance, 84 cases （21.00%） of qi and yin deficiency pattern, 57 cases （14.25%） of dampness heat forced steamed pattern, and 80 cases （20.00%） of qi and yang deficiency pattern. Spontaneous sweating and night sweating were found in the four patterns besides qi and yin deficiency pattern, and night sweating can be mainly found in qi and yin deficiency. Each type is consistent in the syndrome differentiation and cluster analysis. Conclusion Spontaneous sweating and night sweating, each has the certification of yin and yang. Spontaneous sweating can be caused by yin deficiency while night sweating can be caused by yang deficiency. Each pattern of children abnormal sweating has its own syndrome characteristic, which can provide the basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.