性别与眼病

Effects of gender on eye diseases

随着现代医学的不断发展,对疾病个体化的诊疗已经成为发展趋势。两性差异作为个体化诊治的基础,越来越受到医学界的关注。两性在解剖生理、体内激素变化、免疫状况以及社会心理等方面的巨大差异导致不同眼病在易感性、临床表现以及治疗预后中表现出不同的性别倾向。本次我们结合眼病的流行病学特征,综述两性在眼眶、眼表、角膜、房水、晶状体、视网膜的解剖、生理及其相关疾病的易感性与临床表现上的差异。

With the development of the modern medicine, individualized diagnosis and treatments have been the major trends. As the basis of treatments, gender differ- ences play a more significant role in medicine. Changes in anatomy, physiology, hor- mone, immune system and social psychology lead to different susceptibility, clinical manifestations and treatment outcomes of the eye diseases. This article reviews the sex- and gender-based differences in diseases of the orbit, ocular surface, corneal, aqueous humor dynamics, crystalline lens, and retina diseases.