外企青年员工心理健康和职业倦怠状况分析

Analysis of job burnout and mental health of young employees of foreign invested enterprises

目的了解上海外企青年员工的心理健康和职业倦怠状况。方法借助网络平台,采用职业倦怠量表和症状自评量表(删去不合适内容)对在上海外企工作的汉族且无宗教信仰的3 555名青年进行调查,分析其职业倦怠和心理健康状况。结果 64%的青年员工存在职业倦怠,倦怠超过二级占7.5%。上海户籍员工的心理健康得分低于其他身份的员工(P<0.05),而职业倦怠得分(除自我效能感降低维度得分)则高于其他身份人群的得分(P<0.01),差异体现在上海户籍和既无上海户籍又无居住证(双无人群)两组间。不同投资方性质外企青年员工在强迫、抑郁状况得分上存在差异(P<0.05)。职业倦怠总分及情感枯竭维度、讥诮态度维度得分上存在显著差异(P<0.01)。结论上海外企青年员工的职业倦怠较为严峻,主要体现在自我效能感降低维度上。户籍身份特点在心理健康和职业倦怠中扮演重要的角色:双无人群心理健康状况差,职业倦怠低;上海本地户口员工心理健康状况好,但职业倦怠高。

Objective To investigate the job burnout and mental health situations of young employees of foreign invested enterprises in Shanghai. Methods A total of 3 555 young Han employees of foreign invested enterprises in Shanghai who had no religious beliefs were surveyed online by Maslach burnout inventory （MBI） and symptom checklist （improper items were removed） and their job burnout and mental health situations were analyzed. Results Among all employees, 64% of them experienced the job burnout and 7.5% of them were above the job burnout level Ⅱ. Scores of mental health of employees with Shanghai registered residence were lower than those of other employees （P〈0.05）, while scores of job burnout （except low self-efficacy dimension） were higher than those of other employees （P〈0.01）. The difference was significant between employees with Shanghai registered residence and employees without Shanghai registered residence or residence permit. Scores of depression and obsessive-compulsive situation of employees from different types of foreign invested enterprises were different （P〈0.05）. The differences of total score of job burnout and scores of emotional exhaustion and cynicism dimensions were significant （P〈0.01）. Conclusion The job burnout situation of young employees of foreign invested enterprises in Shanghai is serious, which is mainly reflected by the self-efficacy reduce dimension. The registered residence plays an important role in job burnout and mental health. The iob burnout and mental health situations of employees without Shanghai registered residence or. residence permit are poor. The mental health situation of employees with Shanghai registered residence is good, while their job burnout situation is poor.