顺德大良地区学龄前儿童血铅水平调查

Investigation on blood lead level of preschool children in Daliang Shunde

目的通过调查顺德大良地区2 285例3~6岁儿童末梢血铅水平,为制定相关公共卫生政策提供依据。方法采集大良2 285例3~6岁儿童末梢血,用电感耦合高频等离子发射光谱法进行血铅检测,并对检测结果进行统计学处理。结果 2 285例学龄前儿童血铅水平为（44.77±17.73）μg/L,铅中毒率1.8%,以轻度铅中毒为主。统计分析显示不同性别儿童铅中毒率比较及城乡间儿童铅中毒率比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。男童铅中毒率高于女童（P〈0.05）;农村儿童铅中毒率高于城镇儿童（P〈0.01）。结论重点关注农村地区儿童的铅中毒防治;提高居民环保意识,保障儿童健康成长。

Objective To provide a reference for public health policy of preventing children from lead poisoning by detecting the lead concentrations in peripheral blood of 2 285 preschoolers in Daliang,Shunde. Methods The lead in peripheral blood of 2 285 preschoolers was determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry （ICP-MS）. The results were analyzed. Results The average blood lead level in these 2 285 cases was （44.77±17.73）ptg/L,the rate of lead intoxication was 1.8 %. The most cases had low-grade lead intoxication. The rates of lead intoxication in different sex and different district showed significant differences （P〈0.05）. The rate of boys＇ lead poisoning was significantly higher than girls （P〈0.05）. The rate of village children＇s lead poisoning was significantly higher than town children＇s （P〈0.01）. Conclusion Within the industrial production process,we need to pay attention to the proper setup and the prevention of lead intoxication under children in village areas） strengthening ecological awareness among inhabitants,cutting back the use of leaded fuel and materials containing lead,incorporate gradually free for blood lead testing in basic children healthcare and periodic checkup programs in kindergarten, to ensure that children can grow up safely.