温州市区婴幼儿食物过敏的临床特征研究

Study on clinical features of food allergy in infant and young children of Wenzhou city

目的研究婴幼儿食物过敏的临床特征,为该病的诊治提供依据。方法以温州市区儿童消化科门诊就诊的0~36月儿童为研究对象。向家长询问病史并填写调查表,同时检测血清总IgE及牛奶、鸡蛋黄、鸡蛋清、大豆、海鱼、虾、螃蟹等7项特异性IgE（sIgE）。根据病史及sIgE检测结果定可疑病例,然后进行食物剔除试验并随访6月。结果本组食物过敏检出率为18.99%。最常见的过敏原为牛奶（55.56%）和鸡蛋清（15.56%）。本组患儿最常见临床表现为湿疹及便血。结论温州市区婴幼儿最常见的食物致敏原为牛奶和鸡蛋清,最常见临床表现为湿疹及便血,食物回避可有效治疗食物过敏。

objective To study the clinical features of food allergy in infant and young children,and to provide the basis for the diagnosis and prevention of this disease. Methods Consecutive infants and young children aged 0-3 years attending at the outpatient department of gastroenterology, children＇s hospital of Wenzhou, were invited to participate in the study. Parents completed questionnaires, and children detected total serum IgE and serum food specific IgE （cow＇s milk, egg yolk, egg white, soybean, sea fish, shrimp, crab）. Subjects with either a positive food specific IgE or a positive medical history were invited to undergo an food elimination test and followed up of 6 months. Results The total positive rate of food al- lergy was 18.99% in this study. The most common food allergens were milk （55.56%） and egg （15.56%）. The common clinical manifestations of food allergy were mainly eczema and hematochezia. Conclusions The main allergy foods of infant and young children in Wenzhou city are milk, egg white,and the common clinical manifestations of food allergy are mainly of eczema and hematochezia. Food avoidance is an effective measure for treatment of food allergy.