性别失衡、社会地位寻求与农户置业

Gender Imbalance,Status Seeking:a Test of the Farmer's House Purchasing

性别失衡加剧了男孩家庭在婚姻市场上的竞争,寻求高的社会地位有助于提高竞争力。家庭可以通过购房置业、创业、投资教育等不同路径来寻求社会地位,最终的选择取决于不同路径之间的权衡。本文使用CHNS数据研究发现,农户是否置业及置业价值都不取决于家庭中是否有未婚的男孩,而是取决于家庭收入。即使在控制了不同地区婚姻市场竞争激烈程度后以上结论仍然成立。进一步研究发现,有男孩的农户会更多地投资于创业,因此创业作为一种社会地位寻求路径在一定程度上替代了置业。本文的政策含义是:基于有男孩和没男孩农户之间的行为差异,有针对性地设计信贷、税收等政策,可以激发更多的创业活动和优化人力资本配置。

Gender Imbalance reinforced the competition of marriage market. Status seeking can help to enhance competitiveness. Family can seek status from house purchasing, improve the educa- tion and establish a business. The final choice lies on the balance among these ways. The paper tests the farmers＇ house purchasing by means of the CHNS data. We find that whether the farmers to buy a house is independent of whether there is a boy in their family. The value of the house they bought is in the same case. These conclusions are also correct who we control the level of the com petiton of different regions. We also find that the farmers who have a boy will invest more in business. So the business has repalced the house purchasing to some extent.