RNA干扰与宫颈癌细胞放疗敏感相关基因

RNA Interference and Cervical Cancer Radiosensitivity Related Genes

宫颈癌是中国最常见的妇科恶性肿瘤,发病率逐年上升,且有年轻化趋势。放疗是宫颈癌的重要治疗方法,对于Ⅰa1-Ⅱa2期宫颈癌患者,单纯根治性手术与根治性放化疗效果相当,而对于Ⅱb-Ⅳa期宫颈癌患者,同步放化疗是主要的治疗手段。随着放射治疗设备的不断更新,宫颈癌的放疗效果已有很大提高,但仍有部分患者因对放射线不敏感,预后较差。多种基因分子水平的变化对宫颈癌的放疗敏感性有重要影响。RNA干扰（RNAi）是由双链RNA（ds RNA）分子诱发同源m RNA高效特异性降解的基因转录后沉默现象,已用于肿瘤放疗敏感性的研究,但临床应用之前还有很多问题需要解决。就RNAi相关基因表达增加宫颈癌的放疗敏感性的现状及进展加以综述。

Cervical cancer is a common gynecologic malignant tumor with the increasing morbidity and the transition of young age. Radiotherapy is an important treatment of cervical cancer. For those patients with I al to Ⅱ a2 stage cervical cancer, radical surgery alone has the similar effect with the radical chemoradiotberapy. For those patients with Ⅱb to IV a stage cervical cancer, the concurrent chemoradiotherapy is the main treatment. With the development of radiotherapy equipment, the radiotherapy curative effect has been well improved. However, there are some patients being not sensitive to radiation with poor prognosis. Changes of multiple genes and moleculars were found to be associated with the radiosensitivity of cervical cancer. RNA interference （ RNAi ） has been studied to increase the radiosensitivity of many cancer as a potential clinical application. In this paper, RNAi of several particular genes, so as to increase the radiosensitivity of cervical cancer, are reviewed.