小鼠免疫性接触性荨麻疹动物模型的构建

Establishment of a mouse model for immunological contact urticaria

目的 建立小鼠免疫性接触性荨麻疹动物模型.方法 将60只BALB/c小鼠随机分5组：抗二硝基苯酚IgE单克隆抗体（抗DNP IgE）＋二硝基氟苯（DNFB）组和抗DNP IgE＋偏苯三酸酐（TMA）组小鼠尾静脉注射抗DNP IgE,24 h后分别在小鼠耳部涂DNFB和TMA;DNFB组、TMA组、生理氯化钠液（NS）组小鼠尾静脉注射NS,24 h后分别在小鼠双耳涂DNFB、TMA、NS,观察小鼠在14d内的风团、瘙痒情况、肥大细胞脱颗粒数、脾脏指数和皮肤病理.结果 抗DNP IgE＋ DNFB组全部（12/12）和抗DNP IgE＋ TMA组部分小鼠（8/12）产生风团;抗DNP IgE＋ DNFB组及抗DNP IgE＋ TMA组小鼠的搔抓次数[30 min时分别为（31.58±3.58）次/h,（22.17±3.81）次/h]、肥大细胞脱颗粒率[（70.21±26.01）％,（54.25±39.57）％]及脾脏指数（7.54±1.56,7.87±1.18）与NS组[（2.00±0.85）次/h,（14.45±6.79）％,5.37±1.16]相比均显著增加（F值分别为437.86、14.41、4.29,均P＜0.01）;DNFB组、TMA组及NS组均无风团产生.结论 通过抗DNP IgE诱导及DNFB激发后可快速、较稳定地建立小鼠免疫性接触性荨麻疹动物模型.

Objective To establish an animal model for immunological contact urticaria in mice.Methods A total of 60 BALB/c mice were randomly and equally divided into 5 groups：anti-dinitrophenol IgE monoclonal antibody （anti-DNP IgE） ＋ 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene （DNFB） group and anti-DNP IgE ＋ trimellitic anhydride （TMA） group both injected with anti-DNP IgE via tail veins firstly,followed by topical treatment with DNFB and TMA respectively on the ears at 24 hours after the injection,DNFB group,TMA group and normal saline （NS） group all injected with NS via the tail vein firstly,followed by topical treatment with DNFB,TMA and NS on the ears 24 hours after the injection.In the following 14 days,mice were observed daily for the appearance of wheals and for scratching behavior.All the mice were sacrificed at the end of the study followed by determination of the percentage of degranulated mast cells and spleen index as well as observation of pathological changes.Results Wheals were observed in all the mice （12/12） in the anti-DNP IgE ＋ DNFB group,some mice （8/12） in the anti-DNP IgE ＋ TMA group,but not observed in any mice in the other 3 groups.Compared with the NS group,both the anti-DNP IgE ＋ DNFB group and anti-DNP IgE ＋ TMA group showed a significant increase in the percentage of degranulated mast cells （70.21% ± 26.01% and 54.25% ± 39.57% vs.14.45% ±6.79%,F=14.41,P=0.000）,spleen index （7.54 ± 1.56 and 7.87 ± 1.18 vs.5.37 ± 1.16,F=4.29,P=0.004） and scratching frequency （（31.58 ± 3.58）/h and （22.17 ± 3.81）/h vs.（2.00 ± 0.85）/h at 30 minutes,F =437.86,P 〈 0.01）.Conclusion A stable mouse model for immunological contact urticaria can be established quickly by sensitization with anti-DNP IgE and challenge with DNFB.